Herniated Nucleus Pulposus (HNP), commonly known as a slipped or herniated disc, is a spinal condition that can cause back pain, nerve irritation, and radiating pain into the arms or legs. At Sukumvit Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Center, we provide comprehensive assessment and evidence-based rehabilitation programs to relieve pain, reduce nerve compression, and restore functional movement. Early intervention plays a crucial role in preventing chronic symptoms.
The spine is made up of vertebrae separated by intervertebral discs, which act as cushions and shock absorbers. Each disc has:
• A soft inner core (nucleus pulposus)
• A tough outer layer (annulus fibrosus)
HNP occurs when the inner core protrudes or leaks through the outer layer, potentially compressing nearby spinal nerves.
• Lumbar spine (lower back) – may cause leg pain (sciatica)
• Cervical spine (neck) – may cause arm pain or numbness
Depending on the affected area, patients may experience:
Lumbar Disc Herniation
• Lower back pain
• Pain radiating down the leg (sciatica)
• Numbness or tingling in the leg or foot
• Muscle weakness
• Increased pain when sitting or bending
Cervical Disc Herniation
• Neck pain
• Pain radiating to the shoulder or arm
• Hand numbness or tingling
• Weak grip strength
Symptoms may worsen with prolonged sitting, coughing, or certain movements.
• Degenerative disc changes (aging)
• Poor posture
• Repetitive bending or lifting
• Sudden heavy lifting
• Prolonged sitting
• Traumatic injury
• Weak core muscles
If not properly managed, HNP may lead to:
• Chronic nerve pain
• Persistent weakness
• Reduced mobility
• Muscle atrophy
• Functional limitations
Most cases can be successfully treated conservatively with physiotherapy, without surgery.
Seek urgent medical evaluation if you experience:
• Severe or progressive leg weakness
• Loss of bladder or bowel control
• Numbness in the groin area
• Sudden severe neurological symptoms
